Clear DefinitionsEntropy (Key Generation)
1 min read
Pronunciation
[en-troh-pee]
Analogy
Entropy is like the static noise on an old radio—unpredictable randomness that you harness to create a secret code.
Definition
Randomness collected from hardware or software sources used to generate cryptographic keys, ensuring unpredictability and security.
Key Points Intro
Entropy underpins secure key generation by providing:
Key Points
Unpredictability: High entropy makes keys infeasible to guess.
Source diversity: Combines multiple randomness sources (thermal, user input).
Quality metrics: Measured in bits of entropy.
Seed for RNGs: Feeds pseudo‑random number generators for key derivation.
Example
A hardware wallet gathers entropy from its onboard RNG (e.g., thermal noise) to produce a 256‑bit seed for a BIP‑39 mnemonic.
Technical Deep Dive
Entropy sources (e.g., ring oscillator jitter) feed into a DRBG per NIST SP 800‑90A. The DRBG’s internal state is reseeded periodically, and its output used to derive private keys via elliptic‑curve key generation algorithms.
Security Warning
Insufficient or biased entropy can lead to predictable keys and compromise; always use vetted RNGs and entropy sources.
Caveat
True entropy collection can be slow; systems often mix hardware and software sources to balance speed and quality.
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