Clear DefinitionsExtended Private Key
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Pronunciation
[ek-sten-did pry-vit key]
Analogy
An xprv is like the master key to a building—any room key can be generated from it.
Definition
An xprv: a Base58Check‑encoded HD wallet master private key with chain code, enabling derivation of all child private keys.
Key Points Intro
xprvs enable full key control via:
Key Points
Private derivation: Generate hardened and non‑hardened children.
Chain code: Provides randomness and security.
Base58Check encoding: Includes version, depth, fingerprint.
Recovery seed link: Often derived from BIP‑39 mnemonic.
Example
Importing an xprv into a wallet restores all associated addresses and funds for signing transactions.
Technical Deep Dive
xprv format: version, depth, parent fingerprint, child index, chain code, private key, checksum. Child keys derived via CKDpriv: HMAC‑SHA512(chain code, 0x00||k_par||index) for hardened or HMAC‑SHA512(chain code, K_par||index) for non‑hardened.
Security Warning
Exposure of xprv compromises all child keys; never share or store in plaintext online.
Caveat
xprv import may overwrite existing wallet data; use cautiously.
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