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IBC Middleware

1 min read
Pronunciation
[I-B-C mid-uhl-wair]
Analogy
Like customs inspections at a border checkpoint that can add tariffs, check documentation, or reroute shipments.
Definition
On‑chain modules that intercept, transform, or augment IBC packets and acknowledgements, enabling features like fee payment, rate limiting, or custom logic.
Key Points Intro
IBC middleware extends base protocol with pluggable packet handling logic.
Key Points

Pre‑processing: Modify packet data before forwarding.

Post‑processing: Handle acknowledgements or refunds.

Fee middleware: Deduct relayer fees automatically.

Custom modules: e.g., rate limiter, packet encryption.

Example
A fee middleware automatically deducts a small token amount from each IBC transfer to reward relayers.
Technical Deep Dive
Middleware wraps `OnRecvPacket` and `OnAcknowledgePacket` callbacks in the IBC module stack. It can abort, modify, or emit additional events. Registered in the app’s IBC router configuration.
Security Warning
Faulty middleware can break IBC semantics; test with compliance suites.
Caveat
Middleware ordering affects behavior; configure chain-specific stacks carefully.

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