Clear DefinitionsMPC Wallet
1 min read
Pronunciation
[em-pee-see woll-it]
Analogy
An MPC wallet is like a group safe where several key holders each have a piece of the combination; only together can they open it.
Definition
A wallet using Multi‑Party Computation to distribute key shares among parties, enabling collective signing without any single party holding the complete private key.
Key Points Intro
MPC wallets enhance security via:
Key Points
Distributed keys: Private key split into shares.
Collaborative signing: Parties compute signature without reconstructing key.
No single point of compromise: One share leak insufficient.
Dynamic thresholds: m-of-n signing policies.
Example
An institutional MPC wallet requires 3 out of 5 custodians to approve and co‑compute a Bitcoin transaction signature.
Technical Deep Dive
MPC protocols like Gennaro–Goldfeder use Shamir secret sharing and threshold ECDSA. Participants run interactive rounds to compute nonces and partial signatures, aggregated into a valid signature without key reconstruction.
Security Warning
MPC protocols are complex and require secure channels; implementation bugs can leak key shares.
Caveat
High communication overhead and latency compared to single‑key wallets.
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