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Multicall Contracts

1 min read
Pronunciation
[mul-tee-kawl kon-trakts]
Analogy
Like ordering a combo meal that bundles burger, fries, and drink in one order instead of placing three separate orders.
Definition
Smart contracts that batch multiple read or write calls into a single transaction, reducing gas overhead and ensuring atomic execution of grouped operations.
Key Points Intro
Multicall contracts optimize gas and simplify complex on‑chain interactions.
Key Points

Batching: Aggregates multiple `call()`s into one on-chain transaction.

Atomicity: All calls succeed or the entire batch reverts.

Gas savings: Shares transaction overhead across calls.

Read-only: Often used for aggregating view functions without gas.

Example
A DeFi dashboard uses a multicall contract to fetch balances of 10 tokens in one RPC call, reducing latency and RPC usage.
Technical Deep Dive
Multicall contract loops over `bytes[] calls`, performing `delegatecall` or `staticcall` for each, storing results in an array, and returns aggregated data. Gas stipend checks prevent out-of-gas mid-batch.
Security Warning
Batching state-changing calls can cause unexpected interactions; ensure proper ordering and input validation.
Caveat
Large batches may hit block gas limit; split into manageable sizes.

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