Clear DefinitionsThreshold Signature Scheme Wallet
1 min read
Pronunciation
[thresh-hold sig-nuh-cher skeem woll-it]
Analogy
A threshold wallet is like a safe requiring multiple combination inputs before it opens.
Definition
A wallet using threshold cryptography to require a minimum number of key shares to produce a valid signature, enabling secure collective control.
Key Points Intro
TSS wallets enforce shared control via:
Key Points
m-of-n signature: Only m shares needed out of n.
No key pooling: Private key never assembled.
Non‑interactive verification: Signatures verifiable as standard ECDSA.
Scalable governance: Adjust threshold without rekeying.
Example
A corporate treasury wallet uses 3-of-5 threshold signatures to approve transfers, balancing security and availability.
Technical Deep Dive
TSS protocols like GG18 use distributed key generation (DKG) to generate shares, then run signing rounds with pairwise encrypted messages and zero-knowledge proofs, outputting a single ECDSA signature.
Security Warning
DKG setup phase must be secure; corrupted shares undermine security.
Caveat
Initial DKG is interactive and complex; requires all parties online.
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