A vulnerability where a contract makes an external call to another contract which then calls back into the calling contract before state updates are complete, enabling repeated withdrawals....

In a blockchain context, reference data refers to standardized, relatively static, or slowly changing information that is considered authoritative and is used by smart contracts, DApps, or protocols…...

Marketing strategies implemented by blockchain-based projects, cryptocurrency exchanges, DApps, or other crypto-related services that incentivize existing users (referrers) to introduce new users (…...

A system or methodology used within the Regenerative Finance (ReFi) ecosystem to assess, quantify, and assign scores or ratings to projects, organizations, individuals, or specific activities based…...

Technological tools and platforms designed to help financial institutions comply with regulatory requirements more efficiently, accurately, and transparently....

In the context of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies, regulatory arbitrage refers to the practice by businesses or projects of strategically choosing to establish operations, incorporate, or…...

A controlled environment provided by regulators for fintech innovators to test products under relaxed regulatory requirements while ensuring consumer protection and risk management....

The practice where financial institutions reuse collateral pledged by clients to secure their own borrowing or other obligations....

A cross-chain mechanism that forwards cryptographic proofs and messages between distinct blockchain networks to enable asset transfers and interoperability....

The central blockchain in the Polkadot ecosystem that coordinates consensus, shared security, and interoperability between connected parachains. The relay chain provides finality and validates state…...

An economic framework designed to reward participants who forward transactions or messages in decentralized relay systems....

A decentralized group of nodes responsible for forwarding transactions, messages, or state transitions between protocols or layers....

A hardware interface embedded in servers that provides out-of-band access for monitoring, configuration, and firmware updates independently of the host operating system....

The process of verifying that a blockchain correctly rejects duplicate or replayed transactions across chains or after protocol upgrades....

An oracle design that selects and weights data providers based on their reputation scores to enhance data reliability....

An oracle that aggregates off-chain reputation or trust scores from multiple sources to provide credibility assessments for on-chain entities or data....

A quantitative metric reflecting an entity’s trustworthiness or performance based on historical behaviors and aggregated third-party assessments....

A non-transferable token awarded for on‑chain contributions or behavior, used to weight governance or access rights without monetary speculation....

A trading model in which a client solicits price quotes from liquidity providers, who respond with firm offers for specified asset amounts....

A communication pattern where a client sends a request to a service and waits synchronously for a response, commonly used in API and oracle interactions....

An approach to user interface design that ensures layouts and components adapt fluidly across various screen sizes and devices....

The act of taking earned staking rewards and re-locking them as new stake to increase the total bonded amount....

Additional yield earned by redelegating or restaking earned rewards back into the staking protocol....

A digital asset that entitles holders to receive a portion of revenue or profits generated by a project, protocol, or business. Revenue share tokens distribute earnings to token holders according to…...

A server positioned between blockchain node infrastructure and the public internet that intercepts and filters incoming requests before forwarding them to the appropriate backend nodes. Reverse…...

A human‑readable contract document that binds legally enforceable terms to machine‑readable code, linking legal prose with smart contract logic....

A publicly viewable, ranked list of blockchain addresses holding the largest balances of a specific cryptocurrency or token. Rich lists provide transparency into wealth distribution within a…...

A privacy-enhancing cryptographic protocol used primarily in Monero that combines ring signatures with confidential transactions to hide both the sender's identity and the transaction amount. RingCT…...

A cryptographic signature scheme where a signer’s identity is hidden among a group (“ring”) of possible signers, providing signer ambiguity....

A 160-bit cryptographic hash function developed as part of the RIPE (RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation) project. It is designed to produce a 160-bit hash value, providing a high level of security…...

A real-time gross settlement system, currency exchange, and remittance network built on a distributed ledger technology. Ripple is designed to enable fast, low-cost international money transfers and…...

A consensus algorithm used by the XRP Ledger that enables distributed agreement without mining through a unique process of trusted validator selection and majority voting. RPCA achieves fast…...

A specialized PCIe extension cable used in cryptocurrency mining rigs to connect graphics cards to the motherboard while positioning them for optimal cooling and spatial efficiency. Riser cables…...

A widely used public-key cryptosystem for secure data transmission. It is named after its inventors: Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman. RSA's security is based on the practical difficulty…...

A strategic plan that outlines the future development goals, milestones, and timeline for a blockchain project. Roadmaps communicate to stakeholders what features and improvements they can expect and…...

Technical processes that revert a blockchain to a previous state, typically implemented as emergency measures to recover from critical bugs, exploits, or consensus failures. Rollback mechanisms allow…...

A business model and technology stack that enables organizations to deploy and operate custom layer-2 rollup networks without developing the underlying scaling infrastructure from scratch. RaaS…...

A specialized infrastructure component that facilitates the secure transfer of assets and data between layer-1 blockchains and their associated layer-2 rollup solutions. Rollup bridges enable users…...

A standardized messaging and asset transfer system that enables different layer-2 rollups to communicate and interact directly without requiring users to bridge through the underlying layer-1…...

A Layer 2 scaling solution that bundles (or 'rolls up') many off-chain transactions into a single transaction that is then submitted to the Layer 1 blockchain. Rollups execute transactions outside L1…...

In the context of blockchain security incidents such as hacks, exploits, or network failures, Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is a systematic investigative process used to identify the fundamental reasons…...

A model of blockchain interoperability where specialized smart contracts, off-chain services, or dedicated intermediary networks act as 'routers' or 'hubs.' These routers facilitate communication,…...

In decentralized finance (DeFi) and other blockchain applications, a router contract is a smart contract that serves as an intermediary or an optimized entry point for users to interact with other…...

RPCA is the acronym for the Ripple Protocol Consensus Algorithm, the consensus mechanism used by the XRP Ledger to achieve fast, efficient, and final transaction settlement without mining or staking…...

Abbreviation for Rivest-Shamir-Adleman, a widely used public-key cryptosystem for encryption and digital signatures....

In the context of energy systems, particularly involving decentralized energy resources (DERs) like rooftop solar panels or local battery storage, "Return to Grid" (RTG) refers to the process of…...

A type of malicious exit scam prevalent in the cryptocurrency and decentralized finance (DeFi) space. It occurs when developers or promoters of a new cryptocurrency project attract investment,…...

Encompasses a range of mechanisms, tools, smart contract features, platform policies, and community-driven due diligence practices designed to prevent, mitigate, or detect the risk of rug pulls in…...

A systems‑programming language focused on safety and performance, increasingly used for smart contracts on blockchains like Solana and NEAR....

An abbreviation for Real World Asset Token. It refers to a blockchain-based token that represents ownership or rights to tangible or intangible assets existing outside the digital realm, bringing…...