A hybrid rollup mode in Optimism that allows users to choose between Optimistic (fraud-proof) and Validity (ZK-proof) settlement for each transaction, balancing cost and security....

An oracle that computes the average price of an asset over a period weighted by traded volume, reducing bias from low-volume spikes....

A mechanism allowing token holders to assign their voting power to another address, enabling proxy voting on their behalf....

The minimum number or percentage of eligible votes required for a governance proposal to be considered valid and executable....

The assignment of different voting power to participants based on criteria such as token balance, lock-up duration, or reputation....

The relative influence an individual holds in blockchain governance decisions based on the quantity of governance tokens they own or have delegated to them. Token-based voting power determines the…...

A non-fungible token representing a redeemable voucher for goods, services, or experiences, often burned or marked when redeemed....

A systematic process of identifying, quantifying, and prioritizing security weaknesses in applications, networks, and smart contracts....

A formalized framework that outlines how security researchers can report vulnerabilities in blockchain protocols or applications, including scope, reporting processes, timelines, and potential…...

A Python‑inspired, strongly‑typed smart contract language for Ethereum that emphasizes simplicity, security, and auditability....

An acronym for "We're All Gonna Make It," expressing optimism and solidarity within cryptocurrency and NFT communities during market volatility or project development challenges. WAGMI functions as…...

Software or hardware that stores private keys and allows users to interact with a blockchain by managing digital assets, signing transactions, and interacting with decentralized applications. Rather…...

An open-source protocol that enables secure communication between decentralized applications (dApps) and cryptocurrency wallets across multiple platforms through QR code scanning or deep linking.…...

An open-source protocol that enables secure communication between decentralized applications (dApps) and cryptocurrency wallets through QR code scanning or deep linking. WalletConnect allows users to…...

A short identifier derived from the master public key (xpub) fingerprint, used to label and verify HD wallets....

A Base58Check‑encoded representation of a private key with version byte, used to import/export keys in Bitcoin wallets....

The systematic categorization and annotation of blockchain addresses according to their ownership, purpose, risk factors, or behavioral patterns using on-chain analysis and metadata. Wallet labeling…...

A technical specification that defines a standardized interface for communication between decentralized applications (dApps) and cryptocurrency wallets, enabling consistent interaction regardless of…...

Standardized design approaches and interaction models used in cryptocurrency wallet interfaces to simplify complex blockchain operations and security procedures for end users. Wallet UX patterns…...

In some staking systems, a defined period after tokens are initially staked during which they are not yet eligible to earn full rewards or participate fully in validation. This period might be used…...

A market manipulation practice where an entity trades with itself or coordinated parties to create artificial trading volume, price movements, or tax situations without genuine change in ownership.…...

Abbreviation for WebAssembly, the binary instruction format for portable, sandboxed execution....

A wallet mode that tracks addresses and balances without holding private keys, enabling monitoring without spending capability....

A specialized monitoring service that observes cross-chain bridge transactions to detect unauthorized or malicious activity, verify consensus-critical messages, and alert or trigger defensive…...

A specialized blockchain oracle service that securely provides meteorological data from traditional weather monitoring systems to smart contracts, enabling automated agreements that respond to real-…...

The series of user interface patterns and interaction sequences designed to introduce new users to blockchain applications while minimizing technical barriers and cognitive load. Web3 onboarding…...

A software interface that connects decentralized applications (dApps) to blockchain networks by standardizing communication between frontend interfaces and underlying blockchain nodes. Web3 providers…...

A type of cryptocurrency wallet that acts as a gateway to interact with decentralized applications (dApps) and smart contracts on blockchain networks. Beyond storing crypto assets, Web3 wallets…...

A portable, low‑level binary instruction format for a stack‑based virtual machine, designed for safe, fast execution in web browsers and other environments....

The practice by blockchain projects, cryptocurrency companies, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), or educational platforms of organizing and delivering online seminars, presentations,…...

A set of real‑time communication protocols and APIs enabling peer‑to‑peer audio, video, and data exchange directly between browsers and applications....

A WebSocket Application Programming Interface (API) facilitates full-duplex, persistent, two-way communication channels over a single Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection established…...

A browser‑based wallet accessible via a website interface, storing private keys in browser storage or via remote service....

The smallest indivisible unit of ether (ETH) in the Ethereum blockchain, named after cryptographer Wei Dai. One wei equals 10^-18 ETH (0.000000000000000001 ether), serving as the base unit for all…...

A type of Automated Market Maker (AMM) in decentralized finance (DeFi) that allows liquidity pools to hold two or more different cryptocurrency tokens with customizable, pre-defined weights or…...

The practice within the cryptocurrency community and among market analysts of actively monitoring and scrutinizing the on-chain transactions, wallet movements, and portfolio compositions of "whales…...

Mechanisms, policies, legal frameworks, or community-driven initiatives designed to safeguard individuals (whistleblowers) who expose illicit activities, unethical conduct, critical security…...

A wallet or contract feature restricting outgoing transfers to a pre-approved list of addresses....

A process commonly used in Non-Fungible Token (NFT) project launches where a pre-approved and curated list of blockchain addresses (the "whitelist," increasingly referred to as an "allowlist" for…...

A document that outlines the theory, technology, features, and goals of a blockchain project. Whitepapers typically present the problem the project aims to solve, the proposed technical solution,…...

In the context of cybersecurity assessment and adversarial simulation exercises, a white team is a neutral and objective group responsible for the overall planning, management, observation, and…...

A type of utility token where holding or staking the token grants the holder the right or ability to perform a specific task or provide a service within a decentralized network or protocol, and in…...

A cross‑chain messaging protocol that enables tokens and arbitrary data to be securely transferred between disparate blockchains without a centralized intermediary....

Wrapped assets are cryptographic tokens that exist on a specific blockchain but represent, and are typically pegged 1:1 in value to, an equivalent amount of another asset. This underlying asset might…...

A derivative token that represents governance rights from one protocol or blockchain in a tokenized format compatible with another ecosystem. Wrapped governance tokens enable voting power to be…...

A tokenized representation of an original non-fungible token that has been secured in a smart contract to create a derivative asset with enhanced functionality, cross-chain compatibility, or…...

A cryptocurrency token pegged in value to another cryptocurrency or asset, existing on a different blockchain than the original asset. It allows assets from one blockchain to be used on another,…...

In software development and programming, a wrapper is a segment of code, such as a function, class, module, or even a complete software component, that encapsulates or "wraps around" another piece of…...

A protocol within the Polkadot ecosystem that enables direct communication between different parachains without requiring messages to pass through the central relay chain, creating efficient…...

A mechanism that enables smart contracts to directly invoke functions and exchange data with other contracts located on different blockchains, allowing for cross-chain composability and…...