A structured format that defines how information about non-fungible tokens is organized, formatted, and stored within the token's metadata. NFT metadata schemas establish standardized ways to…...

The collaborative development and implementation of common formats, structures, and protocols for representing information about non-fungible tokens. NFT metadata standardization creates consistent…...

A specialized blockchain oracle service that provides external data specifically relevant to non-fungible tokens, such as price feeds, ownership verification, trait rarity, or real-world event…...

A visual or data-based representation tracking the history of an NFT, including its creation, ownership transfers, and any modifications or associated events. This chart provides a transparent and…...

A set of rules or instructions, often encoded in a smart contract, that defines how new Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) can be created by combining or 'crafting' from existing NFTs or fungible tokens.…...

A system, often on-chain or a widely adopted standard, that allows creators to specify royalty parameters (e.g., percentage, recipient address) for secondary sales of their NFTs. This registry…...

Technologies or protocols designed to address the challenges of high transaction fees (gas costs) and slow transaction speeds when minting, trading, or interacting with NFTs on congested Layer 1…...

A classification system or framework used to categorize and organize different types of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) based on their characteristics, use cases, underlying technology, or other…...

Exclusive content, data, or experiences that are only accessible to the current owner of a specific Non-Fungible Token (NFT). This content is often revealed or made available after the NFT is…...

A process where Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are locked up for a specified period and released gradually over time to the intended recipient according to a predefined schedule. This is often used for…...

The process or feature that allows cryptocurrency wallets to store, display, manage, and interact with Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). This includes showing NFT images, metadata, and enabling transfers…...

A software application or service used by NFT project creators to manage a list of wallet addresses that are pre-approved for special privileges, such as early access to mint NFTs (often at a…...

Standardized elliptic curves for cryptography developed and recommended by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). These curves provide parameters for elliptic curve cryptography…...

A computer or device that participates in a blockchain network by maintaining a copy of the blockchain, validating transactions, and relaying information to other nodes. Nodes collectively form the…...

An individual, group, or entity responsible for running and maintaining a node (a computer participating in a blockchain network). Depending on the blockchain and the type of node, this can involve…...

Techniques applied to reduce irrelevant or low‑value data (noise) in blockchain analytics, monitoring, or alerting systems to improve signal clarity and reduce false positives. Noise dampening…...

A variation of Proof-of-Stake where token holders (nominators) select a set of trusted validators to act on their behalf. Both nominators and validators stake tokens and can earn rewards or be…...

In nominated Proof-of-Stake systems, a participant who backs one or more validators by staking tokens on their behalf, sharing in rewards and risks....

An arbitrary number, often random or pseudo-random, that is used only once in a cryptographic communication. Its primary purpose is to prevent replay attacks....

A platform that facilitates crypto transactions or services (swaps, staking) without ever holding users’ private keys, integrating with users’ own wallets via APIs or smart contracts....

A staking model where users retain control of their private keys and delegate or run validators directly without transferring token custody to a third party....

A wallet where the user retains full control of private keys, without reliance on third parties, ensuring true self‑custody of crypto assets....

A cryptocurrency wallet that generates each new private key and address using independent random processes, with no mathematical relationship between keys. Unlike deterministic wallets, each key in a…...

A unique token representing a distinct digital or physical asset, with each token having individual metadata and non‑interchangeable value....

A technical specification or interface that outlines a common set of rules and functions for creating and managing unique, distinct, and non-interchangeable tokens on a specific blockchain. Each…...

A mantra emphasizing that only wallets where you control the private keys truly grant ownership of crypto assets....

Abbreviation for Nominated Proof-of-Stake. A Proof-of-Stake system where token holders (nominators) select and stake behind validators....

A storage device that uses Non‑Volatile Memory Express protocol over PCIe to deliver high‑throughput, low‑latency access to flash memory, significantly outperforming SATA SSDs for blockchain node…...

An extension of OAuth designed to integrate Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) for user-centric, self‑sovereign authentication and authorization flows, leveraging verifiable credentials instead of…...

Processes and controls to screen blockchain addresses, transactions, and counterparties against OFAC (U.S. Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control) sanctions lists to prevent prohibited activity....

Transactions, computations, or data storage that occur outside the main blockchain but may interact with or eventually settle on the blockchain. Off-chain solutions help address the scalability,…...

Techniques to reduce data size before anchoring or transmitting on‑chain, such as Merkle tree commitments, zk‑SNARK-based aggregation, or binary delta encoding, lowering gas costs and storage…...

Execution of code or data processing outside the blockchain—such as price aggregation, heavy computation, or machine learning—in trusted or verifiable environments, with results submitted on‑chain…...

Identity verification processes conducted outside the blockchain—using centralized or decentralized identity providers—to comply with AML/CTF regulations, issuing attestations that can be referenced…...

Communication channels outside the blockchain—such as secure P2P networks, Whisper, or libp2p pub/sub—used to coordinate state channels, share data, or deliver notifications without incurring on‑…...

Descriptive data for tokens or assets stored outside the blockchain—such as JSON hosted on IPFS or centralized servers—to avoid on‑chain storage costs while linking via URIs....

State channels or payment channels augmented with privacy techniques—such as onion routing, blinded balance proofs, or multi‑party computation—to conceal transaction details from intermediaries and…...

The process of creating and signing transactions on a device not connected to the internet, then transferring the signed transaction to an online device for broadcasting....

The practice of storing cryptocurrency private keys or seed phrases on a device or medium that is not connected to the internet or any network. This method significantly reduces the risk of online…...

A fungible token standard that enables seamless native functionality across multiple blockchains simultaneously, allowing tokens to move between different networks without wrapping, bridging delays,…...

A non-fungible token standard that enables a single unique digital asset to move seamlessly between multiple blockchains while maintaining its provenance, attributes, and functionality across all…...

Activities, transactions, or data that are processed, recorded, and stored directly on a blockchain. On-chain operations are verified by network validators, become part of the immutable ledger, and…...

The practice of collecting, processing, and analyzing data directly from a blockchain's distributed ledger. This includes examining transaction patterns, wallet activities, smart contract…...

Techniques used to reduce the amount of data that needs to be stored directly on a blockchain ledger, particularly for transactions or state, to improve scalability, reduce storage costs, and lower…...

The process of organizing and structuring raw blockchain data into a more accessible and queryable format. Services like The Graph allow developers to build custom APIs (subgraphs) to efficiently…...

A system where the rules for proposing, voting on, and implementing changes or upgrades to a blockchain protocol or decentralized application (dApp) are written into the protocol's code and executed…...

A user interface (UI), typically a web application, that allows participants in a blockchain network or decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) to interact with its on-chain governance mechanisms…...

A limit order (an order to buy or sell an asset at a specific price or better) that is recorded and managed directly on the blockchain by a smart contract, rather than being held off-chain by a…...

Descriptive data about a token, particularly a Non-Fungible Token (NFT), that is stored directly on the blockchain itself rather than on a separate off-chain server or decentralized storage network…...

A formal voting process within an on-chain governance system where token holders vote directly on specific proposals or questions. The results of these referenda are recorded on the blockchain and…...